Recommanded Product: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, is researched, Molecular C5H11I, CAS is 616-14-8, about Phenotype identification of tumor-associated macrophages in mice bearing lung carcinoma. Author is Zhang, Bi-cheng; Yang, Bo; Liu, Jian; Guan, Sha; Rao, Zhi-guo; Gao, Jian-fei.
Objective To identify the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Methods LLC cells were planted in the dorsal necks of C57BL/6 mice s.c. The levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the transplantation tumors were tested by ELISA. Co-expression of CD68/macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) and CD68/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) of TAM was detected by double-labeled immunofluorescence staining. Phagocytic capacity of TAM was assessed by yeast phagocytosis assay. Results In the mice LLC transplantation tumors, Th2 cytokine shift was found in the microenvironment. The concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-12 were (2.19 ±> 0.34) ng/mL and (1635.92 ±> 754.86) ng/mL in transplantation tumors, lower than (5.49 ±> 1.04) ng/mL and (6161.48 ±>498.49) ng/mL in normal lung tissues (P <0.05). IL-4 and IL-10 were (29.31 ±> 14.47) ng/mL and (21.54 ±> 10.72) ng/mL in transplantation tumors, higher than (16.43 ±>6.31) ng/mL and (10.71 ±>2.02) ng/mL in normal lung tissues (P <0.05). The percentage of CD68/MMR(+) TAM in all the TAM was 69.7%-83.2%, while CD68/iNOS (+) was 16.8%-30.3%. The phagocytic rate and index of the transplantation tumors were (5.42 ±> 1.74)% and 0.08 ±>0.02, much lower than (23.63 ±> 5.81)% and 0.39 ±>0.14 in normal spleen tissues with statistical significance (P <0.01). Conclusion TAM in mice bearing LLC might be polarized to the alternative activation phenotype. In addition to the literature in the link below, there is a lot of literature about this compound(1-Iodo-2-methylbutane)Recommanded Product: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, illustrating the importance and wide applicability of this compound(616-14-8).
Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem